As always, you're encouraged to add your own suggestions!
Around a day
12h 25 min (12:25) -- Lunar semidiurnal tide
23:56 -- Sidereal day
24:00 -- Mean Solar day (1 dy)
24:50 -- Lunar diurnal tide
Around a month
13.66 dy -- Lunar fortnightly tide27.32 dy -- Lunar monthly tide
40-60 dy -- Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO)
Around a year
365.2422 dy -- Tropical Year (equinox to equinox) (1 year for later)365.2564 dy -- Sidereal year [see comment]
365.259 dy -- Anomalistic Year (perihelion to perihelion)
~433 dy -- Chandler Wobble
A few years
~26 months -- Quasi-biennial Oscillation (QBO)2-7 years -- El-Nino/Southern Oscillation (ENSO), Southern Oscillation Index (SOI)
~4 years -- Antarctic Circumpolar Wave
~3.75 years -- Rossby-Kelvin wave in North Pacific [see comment]
8.85 years -- Lunar perigee
18.6 years -- Precession of the Lunar Node
Many years
(See http://http://www.arctic.noaa.gov/essay_bond.html for some discussion)--- -- Arctic Oscillation (AO)
--- -- Antarctic Oscillation (AAO)
--- -- North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO)
--- -- Pacific/North America Pattern (PNA)
20-30 years -- Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO)
~11 years -- Sunspot cycle
~22 years -- Solar cycle (each sunspot cycle is opposite magnetic polarity)
~88 years -- Gleissberg cycle (clumping of solar cycles)
Long period
19-23,000 years -- Milankovitch Cycle -- Precession of the equinoxes~41,000 years --Milankovitch Cycle -- Tilt of the earth
~100,000 years -- Milankovitch Cycle -- Eccentricity of the earth's orbit
~400,000 years -- Milankovitch Cycle -- Eccentricity of the earth's orbit
Very long period
30 million years -- Oscillation of solar system above/below the plane of the galaxy230 million years -- Solar system orbit of the galaxy [see comment]
400 Million years -- Supercontinent cycle
Another very long cycle is the 230M years that the Earth takes to orbit the Milky way galaxy.
ReplyDeleteSee http://starchild.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/StarChild/questions/question18.html
Sidereal year: 365.2564 days
ReplyDeleteUnnamed Rossby/Kelvin wave in the North Pacific Ocean: ~3.75 years.
ReplyDeleteThere are others with different periods in both the North Pacific and North Atlantic but the 3.75 year period wave is the best studied.